Introduction to the Ankle
– The ankle is a hinged synovial joint formed by the lower leg bones, the tibia and the fibula, and a bone in your foot called the talus.
– The ankle is important during walking because its structure allows it to adapt to the surface. – The movements that occur at the ankle are plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion and eversion. – There are 4 main ligaments that help to stabilize the ankle joint
– Deltoid ligament: stabilizes the ankle during eversion and prevents subluxation of the ankle joint.
– Anterior talofibular ligament: most frequently injured ligament due to it being the weakest ligament.
– Posterior talofibular ligament: resists posterior displacement of the talus
– Calcaneofibular ligament: helps to stabilize the ankle during dorsiflexion and resists inversion
– Muscles of the leg are divided into anterior, posterior and lateral compartments. – Anterior compartment (front of the lower leg): tibialis anterior
– This muscle will dorsiflex the ankle, or bring your foot toward you
– Posterior compartment (back of the lower leg): gastrocnemius and soleus
– These muscles will plantarflex the ankle, or point your foot away from you. These are also the muscles you use to complete a calf raise.
– Lateral compartment (outside of the lower leg): peroneus longus and peroneus brevis – These muscles facilitate eversion, or bring your foot out to the side
– Did you know?
– Your ankle bone is called your malleoli. The larger, more prominent structure on the outside of your lower leg is your lateral malleoli and it is the lower part of your fibula bone. The smaller, less prominent structure on the inside of your leg is the medial malleoli and it is the lower part of your tibia bone.
For more information, reach out to ProTailored Physical Therapy or call us at (260)739-0300.